Non-Reacting Spray Characteristics of Gasoline and Diesel With a Heavy-Duty Single-Hole Injector

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) is a promising combustion technology that could help alleviate the projected demand for diesel in commercial transport while providing pathway to achieve upcoming CO 2 and criteria pollutant regulations heavy-duty engines. However, relatively high (i.e., diesel-like) injection pressures are needed enable GCI across entire load range maintaining soot emissions benefits managing heat release rates. There have only been limited number of previous studies investigating spray characteristics light distillates with high-pressure direct-injection hardware under charge gas conditions relevant applications. The current work aims address this issue experimental data calibrating models used simulation-led design activities. non-reacting two gasoline-like fuels were studied compared ultra-low-sulfur (ULSD). These shared similar physical properties thus differentiated based on their research octane (RON). Although RON60 RON92 had different reactivities, it was hypothesized they would exhibit due similarities. Experiments conducted an optically accessible, constant volume chamber using single-hole injector representing high-pressure, common-rail fuel systems. Shadowgraph Mie-scattering techniques employed measure dispersion angles penetration lengths both non-vaporizing vaporizing conditions. Gasoline-like exhibited or larger angle ULSD. All followed typical correlation air-to-fuel density ratio indicating liquid main governing parameter. Injection pressure negligible effect angle. slower rates ULSD, primarily angles. As evidenced by collapse onto non-dimensional over wide test conditions, all conformed expected theory sprays. no significant trend respect type which remained temperature 800–1200 K. also discernable difference vapor among temperature. length much shorter than ULSD dependence at given pressure. This behavior attributed gasoline being interphase as opposed mixing air entrainment during its evaporation process. but RON60. seems violate original similarity hypothesis these fuels, analysis made difficult use builds experiments. did show slightly observation nuanced volatility differences between indicates likely relies more complex beyond ratio. Finally, showed same quantitative insensitivity